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Research

Below is a list of research done on black raspberries.  They are sorted under very general categories with the link titles giving a description of the research focus.

General Scientific Black Raspberry Publications:

  • Foodstuffs for preventing cancer: the preclinical and clinical development of berries.
  • Anthocyanins and their role in cancer prevention.
  • Laboratory and clinical studies of cancer chemoprevention by antioxidants in berries.
  • Bioactive food components and cancer risk reduction.
  • Cancer prevention with freeze-dried berries and berry components.
  • Molecular mechanisms involved in chemoprevention of black raspberry extracts: from transcription factors to their target genes.
  • Pharmacokinetics of anthocyanins and ellagic acid in healthy volunteers fed freeze-dried black raspberries daily for 7 days.
  • Black raspberry extract and fractions contain angiogenesis inhibitors.
  • Inhibition of cellular transformation by berry extracts.
  • Perspectives in cancer chemoprevention.
  • Cancer chemoprevention: principles and prospects.

Black raspberry and the lower GI tract:

  • Effect of black raspberry ( Rubus occidentalis L.) extract variation conditioned by cultivar, production site, and fruit maturity stage on colon cancer cell proliferation.
  • Modulation of genetic and epigenetic biomarkers of colorectal cancer in humans by black raspberries: a phase I pilot study.
  • Anti-inflammatory effects of freeze-dried black raspberry powder in ulcerative colitis.
  • Black raspberries inhibit intestinal tumorigenesis in apc1638+/- and Muc2-/- mouse models of colorectal cancer.
  • Intestinal epithelial cell accumulation of the cancer preventive polyphenol ellagic acid–extensive binding to protein and DNA.

Black raspberry and the upper GI tract:

  • Effects of human oral mucosal tissue, saliva, and oral microflora on intraoral metabolism and bioactivation of black raspberry anthocyanins.
  • Black raspberry components inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis, and modulate gene expression in rat esophageal epithelial cells.
  • Formulation and in vitro-in vivo evaluation of black raspberry extract-loaded PLGA/PLA injectable millicylindrical implants for sustained delivery of chemopreventive anthocyanins.
  • A rapid and sensitive LC-MS/MS method for quantification of four anthocyanins and its application in a clinical pharmacology study of a bioadhesive black raspberry gel.
  • Distribution of anthocyanins delivered from a bioadhesive black raspberry gel following topical intraoral application in normal healthy volunteers.
  • Topical application of a bioadhesive black raspberry gel modulates gene expression and reduces cyclooxygenase 2 protein in human premalignant oral lesions.
  • Effects of a topically applied bioadhesive berry gel on loss of heterozygosity indices in premalignant oral lesions.
  • Prevention and therapy of squamous cell carcinoma of the rodent esophagus using freeze-dried black raspberries.
  • Transitioning from preclinical to clinical chemopreventive assessments of lyophilized black raspberries: interim results show berries modulate markers of oxidative stress in Barrett’s esophagus patients.
  • Suppression of the tumorigenic phenotype in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells by an ethanol extract derived from freeze-dried black raspberries.
  • Modulation of N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine metabolism by black raspberries in the esophagus and liver of Fischer 344 rats.
  • Black raspberries inhibit N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine (NMBA)-induced angiogenesis in rat esophagus parallel to the suppression of COX-2 and iNOS.
  • Inhibition of the growth of premalignant and malignant human oral cell lines by extracts and components of black raspberries.
  • Chemoprevention of oral cancer by black raspberries.
  • Chemoprevention of esophageal tumorigenesis by dietary administration of lyophilized black raspberries.
  • Inhibition of N-nitrosobenzylmethylamine metabolism and DNA binding in cultured rat esophagus by ellagic acid.

Other black raspberry studies:

  • A black raspberry extract inhibits proliferation and regulates apoptosis in cervical cancer cells.
  • Topical treatment with black raspberry extract reduces cutaneous UVB-induced carcinogenesis and inflammation.
  • Cyanidin-3-rutinoside, a natural polyphenol antioxidant, selectively kills leukemic cells by induction of oxidative stress.
  • Urinary excretion of black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) anthocyanins and their metabolites.
  • Black raspberry extracts inhibit benzo(a)pyrene diol-epoxide-induced activator protein 1 activation and VEGF transcription by targeting the phosphotidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway.
  • Inhibition of benzo(a)pyrene diol-epoxide-induced transactivation of activated protein 1 and nuclear factor kappaB by black raspberry extracts.
  • Interactive gene expression pattern in prostate cancer cells exposed to phenolic antioxidants.

Black raspberry characterization:

  • Modeling relationships among active components in black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.) fruit extracts using high-resolution (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and multivariate statistical analysis.
  • Processing and storage effects on monomeric anthocyanins, percent polymeric color, and antioxidant capacity of processed black raspberry products.
  • Cyanidin 3-rutinoside and cyanidin 3-xylosylrutinoside as primary phenolic antioxidants in black raspberry.

 

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